The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific and engineering practices by

1. Asking questions and defining problems
   • Ask questions based on observations
   • Identify a problem based on need
   • Make predictions based on observations
2. Planning and carrying out investigations
   • Make observations to collect data
   • Identify characteristics and properties of objects by observations
   • Measure relative length and weight of common objects
   • Record information from investigation
3. Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
   • Describe patterns
   • Classify and/or sequence objects based on a single physical characteristic or property
   • Organize and represent data
   • Read and interpret data in object graphs, picture graphs, and tables
4. Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
   • Make simple conclusions based on data or observations
5. Developing and using models
   • Distinguish between a model and an actual object
6. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
   • Communicate comparative measures (e.g., heavier, lighter, longer, shorter, more, less, hotter, colder)
   • Communicate observations using pictures, drawings, and/or speech

The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific and engineering practices by

1. Asking questions and defining problems
   • Ask questions and make predictions based on observations
   • Identify a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new tool or improved object
2. Planning and carrying out investigations
   • With guidance, conduct investigations to produce data
   • Identify characteristics and properties of objects by observations
   • Use tools to measure relative length, weight, volume, and temperature of common objects
3. Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
   • Use and share pictures, drawings, and/or writings of observations
   • Describe patterns and relationships
   • Classify and arrange objects based on a single physical characteristic or property
   • Organize and represent various forms of data using tables, picture graphs, and object graphs
   • Read and interpret data displayed in tables, picture graphs, and object graphs, using the vocabulary more, less, fewer, greater than, less than, and equal to
4. Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
   • Make simple conclusions based on data or observations
   • Recognize unusual or unexpected results
5. Developing and using models
   • Use physical models to demonstrate simple phenomena and natural processes
6. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
   • Communicate observations and data using simple graphs, pictures, drawings, numbers, speech and/or writing

The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific and engineering practices by

1. Asking questions and defining problems
   • Ask questions that can be investigated
   • Make predictions based on observations and prior experiences
   • Identify a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new tool or improved object
2. Planning and carrying out investigations
   • With guidance, plan and conduct simple investigations to produce data
   • Use appropriate tools to measure length, weight, and temperature of common objects using U.S. Customary units
   • Measure time intervals using proper tools
3. Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
   • Organize and represent data in pictographs and bar graphs
   • Read and interpret data represented in pictographs and bar graphs
4. Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
   • Make simple conclusions based on data or observations
   • Distinguish between opinion and evidence
   • Recognize unusual or unexpected results
5. Developing and using models
   • Use models to demonstrate simple phenomena and natural processes
6. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
   • Communicate observations and data using simple graphs, drawings, numbers, speech, and/or writing

The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific and engineering practices by

1. Asking questions and defining problems
   • Ask questions that can be investigated and predict reasonable outcomes
   • Ask questions about what would happen if a variable is changed
   • Define a simple design problem that can be solved through the development of an object, tool, process, or system
2. Planning and carrying out investigations
   • With guidance, plan and conduct investigations
   • Use appropriate methods and/or tools for collecting data
   • Estimate length, mass, volume, and temperature 
   • Measure length, mass, volume, and temperature in metric and U.S. Customary units using proper tools
   • Measure elapsed time
   • Use tools and/or materials to design and/or build a device that solves a specific problem
3. Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
   • Organize and represent data in pictographs or bar graphs
   • Read, interpret, and analyze data represented in pictographs and bar graphs
   • Analyze data from tests of an object or tool to determine if it works as intended
4. Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
   • Use evidence (measurements, observations, patterns) to construct or support an explanation
   • Generate and/or compare multiple solutions to a problem
   • Describe how scientific ideas apply to design solutions
5. Developing and using models
   • Use models to demonstrate simple phenomena and natural processes
   • Develop a model (e.g., diagram or simple physical prototype) to illustrate a proposed object, tool, or process
6. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
   • Read and comprehend reading-level appropriate texts and/or other reliable media
   • Communicate scientific information, design ideas, and/or solutions with others

The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific and engineering practices by

1. Asking questions and defining problems
   • Identify scientific and non-scientific questions
   • Develop hypotheses as cause-and-effect relations
   • Define a simple design problem that can be solved through the development of an object, tool, process, or system
2. Planning and carrying out investigations
   • Identify variables when planning an investigation
   • Collaboratively plan and conduct investigations
   • Use tools and/or materials to design and/or build a device that solves a specific problem
   • Take metric measurements using appropriate tools
   • Measure elapsed time
3. Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
   • Organize and represent data in bar graphs and line graphs
   • Interpret and analyze data represented in bar graphs and line graphs
   • Compare two different representations of the same data (e.g., a set of data displayed on a chart and a graph)
   • Analyze data from tests of an object or tool to determine whether it works as intended
4. Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
   • Use evidence (i.e., measurements, observations, patterns) to construct or support explanations and to make inferences
5. Developing and using models
   • Develop and/or use models to explain natural phenomena
   • Identify limitations of models
6. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
   • Read and comprehend reading-level-appropriate texts and/or other reliable media
   • Communicate scientific information, design ideas, and/or solutions with others

The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific and engineering practices by

1. Asking questions and defining problems
   • Ask testable questions based on observations and predict reasonable outcomes based on patterns
   • Develop hypotheses as cause-and-effect relationship
   • Define design problems that can be solved through the development of an object, tool, process, or system
2. Planning and carrying out investigations
   • Collaboratively plan and conduct investigations to produce data 
   • Identify independent variable, dependent variables, and constants
   • Determine data that should be collected to answer a testable question
   • Take metric measurements using appropriate tools
   • Use tools and/or materials to design and/or build a device that solves a specific problem
3. Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
   • Represent and analyze data using tables and graphs 
   • Organize simple data sets to reveal patterns that suggest relationships
   • Compare and contrast data collected by different groups and discuss similarities and differences in their findings
   • Use data to evaluate and refine design solutions
4. Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
   • Construct and/or support arguments with evidence, data, and/or a model
   • Describe how scientific ideas apply to design solutions
   • Generate and compare multiple solutions to problems based on how well they meet the criteria and constraints
5. Developing and using models
   • Develop models using an analogy, example, or abstract representation to describe a scientific principle or design solution
   • Identify limitations of models
6. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
   • Read and comprehend reading-level-appropriate texts and/or other reliable media
   • Communicate scientific information, design ideas, and/or solutions with others

The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific and engineering practices by

1. Asking questions and defining problems
   • Ask questions to determine relationships between independent and dependent variables
   • Develop hypotheses and identify independent and dependent variables
   • Offer simple solutions to design problems
2. Planning and carrying out investigations
   • Independently and collaboratively plan and conduct observational and experimental investigations; identify variables, constants, and controls where appropriate, including the safe use of chemicals and equipment
   • Evaluate the accuracy of various methods for collecting data
   • Take metric measurements using appropriate tools
   • Use tools and/materials to design and/or build a device to solve a specific problem
3. Interpreting, analyzing, and evaluating data
   • Organize data sets to reveal patterns that suggest relationships
   • Construct, analyze, and interpret graphical displays of data
   • Compare and contrast data collected by different groups and discuss similarities and differences in findings
   • Use data to evaluate and refine design solutions
4. Constructing and critiquing conclusions and explanations
   • Construct explanations that include qualitative or quantitative relationships between variables
   • Construct scientific explanations based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from sources (including the students’ own investigations)
   • Generate and compare multiple solutions to problems based on how well they meet the criteria and constraints
5. Developing and using models
   • Use scale models to represent and estimate distance
   • Use, develop, and revise models to predict and explain phenomena
   • Evaluate limitations of models
6. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
   • Read scientific texts, including those adapted for classroom use, to obtain scientific and/or technical information
   • Gather, read, and synthesize information from multiple appropriate sources and assess the credibility, accuracy, and possible bias of each publication
   • Construct, use, and/or present an oral and written argument supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning